My Personal Memoir Argumentative Essay Example For Students

My Personal Memoir Argumentative Essay I carry on with a really basic life. Not saying nothing occurs in it or that I don't effectively have a ton of fun, I am stating I carry on with the clichã © life that I am fortunate for, and I will begin my story from the earliest starting point; beginning with my folks. My folks met in secondary school, my mother moved when she was fifteen to Venice, FL, where my Dad grew up. My mother was a team promoter while my father played football, and however they didn't reveal to me how they met I expect that is the secret. From what they let me know, my Dad really liked my mother in secondary school, and despite the fact that my mother didn't care for my Dad in that manner she dated him for about fourteen days than parted ways with him. They kept being awesome companions all through secondary school, spending time with one another and their gathering of companions, they used to party a great deal and do law breaker things with one another. After secondary school my Dad went off in the military, while my mom’s grades got her into the University of Florida. They didn't have PDAs yet, so they composed letters to and fro to one another while my Dad was away. I am not actually sure when it occurred but rather my Dad admitted his affection for my mother, and said she expected to choose if she needed him as well or in the event that they ought to go down discrete ways. My mother picked my Dad, and they have been dating from that point forward. They got hitched in 1994 and had me in 1996. So fundamentally I can make a romantic tale out of my mother and my dad’s lives. Presently for my life, I was conceived on March 17, 1996. At the point when I came out a redhead it was a serious stun to everyone considering no one else in my family does. The steady inquiry â€Å"where’d you get your lovely red hair?! † is constantly asked, and I never recognize what to state since I have no clue. My mother and my father are the two brunettes, yet despite the fact that my hair shading is unique, I look precisely like my mother. I have my dad’s highlights, his eyes, his nose, his lips, yet with regards to a general look in the event that I stand directly close to my mother many individuals state we pull off being sisters. I lived for a long time a desolate kid, and however I don't recollect it, my mother said I was a great youngster, scarcely cried, scarcely cried, I was an exceptionally content child. On August 14, 1998, I was not, at this point a lone youngster; my not all that little now sibling, Kyle, was conceived. I revered my infant sibling. The photos show it, when he was growing up I was consistently with him, holding his hand, giving him my cover, and offering everything to him. At a certain point, however, that changed. At the point when I was in center school, my character changed totally, similar to everyone that is experiencing the â€Å"awkward stage† by then, I didn't generally have the foggiest idea acceptable behavior or anything. I went to a similar school from kindergarten through eighth-grade. It was a little contract school called Island Village Montessori School, and I feel that may have something to do with it. I became companions with the individuals I grew up with, it was a little gathering where just we spent time with one another. Sort of like the clichã © highbrow coteries in the motion pictures. In seventh grade I got my first sweetheart. Erick Gasca, the cutest kid in the school. Everybody adored him, and I am not saying that just to make me look better, everybody had an issue with us dating since I was the unbalanced red head with supports and he was the tall strong child with tan skin and he had such an incredible character, he was so amusing. I adored being around him, regardless of whether we were dating or not. Kyle didn't care for that, he was consistently frantic at me for bringing Erick home. He would consistently get distraught at me, and at whatever point Erick and I would do as meager as clasp hands he was consistently there to holler at me. So I sort of began loathing my sibling. One night, Kyle and I got in our most exceedingly awful battle ever. He began advising my folks things to attempt to get me in a tough situation, similar to I was escaping around evening time to see Erick. So I became ill of it and begun berating him, calling him names, so he came up to me and attempted to smack me in the face, and I punched him back. We got in this colossal clench hand battle, I was the greater kin at that point, so I beat him really awful, and my Dad needed to pry me off of him for me to stop. From that point forward, I didn't converse with him for quite a while; I don't generally recollect Kyle in my life in the remainder of my center school life. I kept dating Erick, and spending time with my companions, I was in Drama, and played softball. So I had the best life in center school, I was essentially the clichã © mainstream secondary school young lady you find in the films, just in center school. It wasn’t until about fourteen days after center school was over I felt as though my life was self-destructing, I had been dating Erick for very nearly two years when he undermined me. He made out with another young lady, and despite the fact that it doesn't sound as awful as it should, I was crushed. He was my sole long haul sweetheart I had. I went in sort of a downturn state, where I would not like to get up, I would not like to eat, I quit spending time with my companions, and as senseless as it is presently, I truly loved him, despite the fact that I was so youthful. At last a young lady who I played softball with, Megan, came more than one day and revealed to me I have to accomplish something, and we began hanging out constantly, and afterward another young lady I played softball with, Rachel, began spending time with us. We were a definitive trio. Examination of ethical quality and responsibility in legitimate s EssayI accept that companionship is significant. I am a free individual that likes to get things done all alone, however in the event that I didn't have companions to help me through everything that I do, or to get me when I am feeling down, I don't have the foggiest idea where I would be in life at this moment. Everyone in my life is accomplishing something else, regardless of whether on the off chance that it is remaining at home and being in a band or going to University of South Florida St. Pete to be a craftsman, we are all there to help one another and get each other when one individual falls. I love that about my life, I am appreciative to such an extent that I have such a large number of supporters, including my family. I am likewise not saying you need companions to prevail throughout everyday life, I simply accept that they will help you a great deal intellectually. To offer you guidance when you can't generally make sense of it for yourself. Likewise I accept that on the off chance that you lose companions, you will make new and potentially better ones. Ones that merit everything over the long haul. I am fortunate to have a strong family as well, my father went to each and every softball match-up this season, and a great deal of the young ladies said they have never met a parent that way. My mother is progressively steady about my evaluations, she generally calls me to check whether I need assistance with anything scholastically, likely in light of the fact that she was consistently the keen one and my father was consistently the lively one; yet they make an extraordinary mix. My folks show me a ton, I am progressively similar to my father character insightful, my mother is a talker, and she will stay there and talk for a considerable length of time. I don't generally like talking, I would prefer to hush up about things at that point to simply stay there and talk about rubbish, similar to my father. My mother additionally doesn't support of tattoos, yet my father has two. I love tattoos, I love the way that it communicates workmanship in an alternate manner that will keep going forever, and my father backs me up on that. I am additionally progressively open with my father then my mother on the grounds that my mother has a major mouth, and in the event that I advise her not to tell anyone, she doesn't tally her family, which is her sister and mother, and they tell every other person. Furthermore, since my father doesn't generally prefer to individuals all that much in any case I reveal to him everything, and he doesn't pass judgment, he just discloses to me his feeling and proceeds onward. Likewise that is another attribute I got from my father, I regard people’s security and will simply disclose to them how I feel and proceed onward. I got my music taste from my father additionally, he tunes in to exemplary stone so I tune in to great stone, which I likewise began tuning in to present day rock, and pop punk, and post no-nonsense. Many individuals don't anticipate that from me, however it is somewhat similar to my skeleton in the closet that I tune in to post bad-to-the-bone (which is screamo with singing in it) since I don't appear as though I do I presume? In spite of the fact that I wear a great deal of dark shirts I don't wear the dim eyeliner and color my hair each shading on the shading wheel. Evidently that is the, â€Å"hardcore,† look. Discussing that sort of music, my father additionally acknowledges the way that I like going to shows, my mother doesn't care for me burning through cash on them, yet I don't think she comprehends that it is enjoyable to lose all sense of direction in the music when the band is directly before you. Alongside my companions, music is critical to me as well. Which they sort of blend on the grounds that each closest companion I have had tuned in to a similar music I excepted for Megan however she managed it. Music I think lets you simply escape from reality one might say that no one else gets it. At the point when you can tune in to the verses and they identify with your life so much that you simply hear them out again and again to assist you with overcoming any harsh time you are experiencing I feel that is the thing that music is about. The rap they play now on the radio, discussing drugs and engaging in sexual relations again and again; I think it is gross. I am not saying that each rap tune is that way, yet pretty much every melody you hear is, in any case, the music I tune in to doesn't have anything to do with that. This melody called, â€Å"In Between,† is most likely the best tune I know melodiously, and it got me through a great deal of unpleasant occasions while I was pining to go home. A portion of the verses are, â€Å"Up on the mountain, I see down beneath, It’s simple to lose yourself I realize Everybody gets high, everyone gets low, life can be such over portion. † And then it says, â€Å"don’t flee. † So it is stating that despite the fact that life gets unpleasant, don't flee from it, pivot a face it and get past it. I love it so much, since I think there is a point in everybody’s life, that they simply need to flee from the extreme time they are confronting. So to summarize who I am, I am a young lady that has experienced a great deal of companions,

A Comparison of Sei Shonagon and Marie de France Essay -- comparison c

A Comparison of Sei Shonagon and Marie de France    Though in excess of 200 years have isolated Sei Shonagon and Marie de France, the scene is a lot of the equivalent. An elegant woman sits in a light lit room, with her composing hand ready over a book of material. Her face lights up in a moment of motivation and she jots angrily onto the paper. This lady is firmly connected with the imperial court and is something of a chronological error, a lady creator in a male-ruled world. The scene envisioned here could have occurred in either Shonagon's late tenth century Japan or the twelfth century France of Marie de France. The distinctions that exist between these two creators are a consequence of their varying societies and characters. Marie de France composes as a result of her time, communicating through her characters, while remembering the orders of the congregation. Sei Shonagon is administered by no such orders and subsequently composed with pitiless trustworthiness. As needs be, the structure, style and symbolism utilized by each creator mirrors her own unmistakable character and qualities.  Sei Shonagon is most notable for her Pillow Book, an assortment of her own musings and perceptions during her time at court. The structure, or scarcity in that department, in this work gives the peruser a look at Shonagon's character. She writes in short blasts, giving the smaller than usual parts such titles as The Sliding Screen in the Back of the Hall, Disdainful Things, and Bulls Should Have Very Small Foreheads. The titles are illustrative of her propensity to compose finally on subjects that may appear to be insignificant, or as the writer concedes in the last section of the Pillow Book, generally unimportant. indeed, these alleged inconsequential perceptions give a s... ...es and societies. One creator is administered by her exacting confidence and adherence to the congregation, the other by her own firmly held feelings. Every lady's composing obviously mirrors her own particular character and personality: Marie de France, increasingly enthusiastic and otherworldly, Sei Shonagon, progressively humorous and stubborn. Both dignified women appear to be devoted to their own convictions and intelligent of their time and culture.   Works Cited  Sei Shonagon. The Pillow Book. Trans. Richard Bowring. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Extended Edition. Ed. Maynard Mack. New York: W.W. Norton and Co. 1995. 2191-2218. All citations are from this content.  De France, Marie. Eliduc. Trans. John Fowles. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Extended Edition. Ed. Maynard Mack. New York: W.W. Norton and Co. 1995. 1680-1692. All citations are from this content. Â

Get Up To $400 For Your Phone On eBay

Get Up To $400 For Your Phone On eBay Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Get Up To $400 For Your Phone On eBayUpdated On 09/01/2018Author : HBB Editorial StaffTopic : MobilesShort URL : https://hbb.me/2CDIAkV CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogThis is a sponsored post written by me on behalf of eBay for IZEA. All opinions are 100% mine.Smartphones! This device is something which is undoubtedly an integral part of our life, we all love to own one, WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, etc., the communication level arranges from 0 to infinity. But, again, we have some small queries like I already own a smartphone, I want to sell, which smartphone should I buy next? I know, because even I have those queries.  I have written a guide on eBay about picking your next smartphone, I have explained the 3 important features you should consider while buying your next best smartphone, itll help you to easily track down the best ones, filter them, and get your des ired one.  So what should I do with my existing smartphone?  Thats where eBay comes to rescue, I have been using eBay for ages and now it also became my regular portal for smartphones. Why? Because  eBay returns up to $200 more for your current previous generation  devices compared to other competitors. I think, with the Apple iPhone 6 is release in September, it is a great time to  earn some extra cash, which will be really useful for the upgrade.  There are several things to love about iPhone 6, especially their camera. It has  Autofocus with Focus Pixels and some other unique features, I have written about them on eBay, you can spend some time and come to a conclusion about their camera.  READEvolution Of Mobiles [INFOGRAPHIC]eBay is so sure your phone will sell, if it doesn’t sell, you will receive  a $100 eBay coupon for phones listed on eBay between September 1  and October 24.* [restrictions apply]Accept the challenge? List your phone today. Visit:  eBay For The Win  for de tails on the offer.

How Social Networks Can Be Broken Down Into Two Categories

When a divorce takes place, it affects not only the direct families, but their social networks as well. Gravonetter (1973) defined the strength of a social network as a â€Å"combination of time and intimacy† (p. 1361). Social networks can be broken down into two categories: the stronger and the weaker ties. According to Gravonetter (1973), the stronger ties are the families, close friends, college friends, social circles and even co-workers. These are the people that an individual shares memories of and intimate moments with (p. 1361). The individual interacts with their stronger ties most of the time, or even on a daily basis. On the other hand, weaker ties are the institutions such as schools, the community, society, or even an individual whom they have interacted with or met through a common friend. The weaker ties provide some form of support, but not as robust compared to the strong ties (Gravonetter, 1973, p. 1361). Families undergoing or are in the process of divorce u sually seeks support from their social networks. It is then no wonder that when a divorce occurs, it usually involves everyone even the weaker ties. For stronger ties, they experience the effects of divorce as much as the direct families do. Grief and Deal (2012) found that when a couple marries, their social networks usually merge (p.422). Almost all married couples share the same set of friends and social circle so when a divorce takes place there is also a shift in their social networks (Grief and Deal,Show MoreRelatedThe Current State Of Art1733 Words   |  7 Pages the internet of things (IoT) has drawn a lot of attention from both academia’s and industries. The internet of things is often interchanged with the internet of everything. 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The global reach of the internet an d its ability to expand at an exponential rate, makes the internet one of the biggest tools created for commercial use. This paper will focus on how the internet was started and how it has developed since the start, growing and changing from the ARPANET into the internet of today. The internet has developed since its conception to include not only computers but mobile devices as well to connect people and expandRead MoreThe Social Media Platform Facebook1172 Words   |  5 PagesThe platform itself The social media platform Facebook, founded in 2004 was first intended for local college students to have a place online to connect and communicate, created by Mark Zuckerberg at the age of 19 as he studied at Harvard University. A new era started at thirteen years later Facebook rose to become the world largest social media network, giving people the ability to communicate and share worldwide. Often used for friends and family to stay connected easier, express themselves and

Business Plan on Indoor Sports Complex - 5579 Words

[Type the document title] [Type the document subtitle] [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] 2013 3/28/2013 TabTable of Contents 1.1 Business Model 7 1.1.1 Company Overview 7 1.1.3 Objectives 8 1.1.4 Mission 8 1.1.5 Vision 8 What is Futsal? 8 1.1.6 Facilities 9 1.1.7 SERVICES 10 1.1.8 Pitch 10 1.1.9 Sports Store 10 1.1.10 Food Court 10 1.2.1 Concept: 11 1.2.2 Location 11 1.2.3 Management 12 Company Ownership 12 1.2.4 Personnel 12 2 The marketing Plan 13 2.1 Market Analysis Summary†¦show more content†¦Recognized by the FIFA as the official form of indoor football, it a star in its own rights. It is attractive for youth and middle aged corporate officials, who can exercise their passion for football long after the sun has gone down. After many arranged tournaments in the impromptu indoor sports complexes, there begs to be an organized solution for enthusiasts in this sport. That’s where â€Å"Sportsvana† comes in. It blends virtues of traditional football with an unprecedented package. We will offer a fully functioning sport store, sports rental, and food court and foosball table at our premises. Of those who are just about crazy for football, we offer an immersive experience bar any other. Even if you like a game in your playstation better, we dare to convert you. On the other side, it functions in its legal form as a partnership business, and its marketing channels, promotions and financial projections are shown in the proposal. We blend innovative marketing technique with a truly unique USP, and our strong suit is being able bond with people, being enthusiasts and players as well. That said, there is a need to upgrade the market to suit women’s needs as well, and we will see to regularly hosting women’s futsal tournament, and make it as popular as women basketball or handball in this country. With the mission and vision on our sight, we cannot but be hopeful of our future, building a greater tomorrow with this harmonious sport. 1.1Show MoreRelatedDesara Korreshi. Professor Gloria Cevallos. Business 101.1153 Words   |  5 PagesDesara Korreshi Professor Gloria Cevallos Business 101 April 26, 2017 Business Plan My business plan is to open a volleyball court. The ACE Courts will be a full-service Volleyball complex situated in Paramus, New Jersey. There is currently no other sports facilities like this one anywhere in Bergen County. This plan will be used to define the scope of our services, as well as a means of gaining the necessary investments to open the facility. 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Research has shown that productivity and overall performance are related to the

Marketing of Tobacco Products Essay examples - 2282 Words

Marketing of Tobacco Products Marketing is a social and managerial process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging products and values with others.(Kotler, Armstrong, Saunders, Wong page 5) One of the products that are exchanged through marketing is cigarettes. Tobacco is considered an inherently unethical product because is addictive, dangerous and causes environmental damage. Tobacco is also considered a pleasing product because its immediate satisfaction is high but sometimes has harmful effects in the long run. One of the long run effects of smoking is that four million people are killed every year and is estimated that the figure will rise to ten million by 2030†¦show more content†¦(Yach, Brinchmann, Bellet page 4, 7 and Sloman page 85).This injustice, urged the department of justice to file a civil lawsuit in 1999, against the largest tobacco companies, to recover the cost that federal government has to spend on smoking-related illness each year. However our concern here is not only about the cigarette as a product but with the ethics of cigarettes as well, that affect the social process of marketing. This is because marketing process makes things worse and is also considered as unethical, and as a result has a significant negative impact on the societal welfare. Multinational tobacco companies apply sophisticated strategies ( such as putting flavor in the cigarettes and placing cigarettes in the shops near the sweets to make them more appealing) and invest huge amounts of money for marketing, in order to establish brand familiarity and future loyalty among young peoplem, to secure profits in the long run. The tobacco epidemic is a man-made international health crisis, created and sustained by multinational tobacco corporations. (Yach, Brinchmann, Bellet page 2). Fortunately, the tobacco industrys behavior is likely to change due to the increasing legal and societal pressures. Much legislation has been imposed to tobacco firms based on codes of behavior, different government strategies and litigations, especially after 1980 where anti-smoking groups reactions, led to higher restrictions throughoutShow MoreRelatedTobacco Products : Marketing, And Sales858 Words   |  4 Pagesany store, right behind the register after a grocery list has been completed. Tobacco products are multi-billion dollar industries that thrive on the addiction of its’ consumers. Although individuals have the right to use tobacco products, the United states should ban the production, marketing, and sales because the marketing is geared towards teens and young adults, the health issues contributed to the use of tobacco are overwhelming, they’re highly addictive, and the effects of second-hand smokeRead MoreTobacco Advertisement: Why Restrict Marketing of Tobacco Products that Creates a Tremendous Amount of Revenue and Jobs in America1604 Words   |  7 Pagesrisks of using tobacco are common knowledg e. It is a known fact that if someone smokes their chance of getting lung cancer is increased drastically, yet so many Americans choose to do so. The FDA is taking steps to tighten the rules of tobacco marketing, some of these rules will include prohibiting self-service tobacco displays in stores, restricting vending-machine sales, and forbidding most free samples of tobacco products. (Reid pg. 1) These are just small hits to the big tobacco industry, butRead MoreTobacco Use Among Adolescents And Young Adults1287 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Tobacco use among adolescents has been increasing over the years due to marketing strategies that target adolescents and attempt to promote beliefs that influence smoking behaviors. Many of the smoking behaviors are established in adolescents and young adults who are more influenced by exposure to promotional marketing advertisements such as billboards, transit ads, and other strategies that impose acceptable social norms among their peers. According to the CDC, in 2012, 6.7% of middleRead MoreTobacco Products And Its Effects On The United States876 Words   |  4 Pagescan be found in almost any store, right behind the register after a grocery list has been completed. Tobacco companies are multi-billion dollar industries that thrive on the addiction of its consumers. The United States government should take control of tobacco companies and ban the marketing, production, and sales of tobacco. This is because health issues contributed to the use of tobacco products are overwhelmingl y high; they’re very addictive; the effects of second-hand smoke are as harmful asRead MoreThe Ethical Concerns Involving Tobacco1680 Words   |  7 PagesThe main ethical concerns involving tobacco is well known to educated Americans; however, the ethics around the marketing aspects of tobacco, especially tobacco exposure to children, are less talked about. Some of the early marketing decisions of tobacco can be traced back to one of the most renowned and valuable cigarette brands in the world, Marlboro. Marlboro first emerged onto the tobacco scene at the beginning of the nineteenth century. They originally were a cigarette brand with a female-basedRead MoreThe Dangers Of Tobacco And Alcohol Companies1576 Words   |  7 PagesTobacco and alcohol companies are more widespread than ever and are expanding their target age group in the process of them increasing profit margins for their specific company. Excessive alcohol consumption and the associated negative health effects are a major public health concern since past and more recent studies. â€Å"Almost 4% of all deaths worldwide are attributable to alcohol† (Graham 1). 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Ronald Reagan Essay Example For Students

Ronald Reagan Essay Ronald Reagan had a very successful life. He was the 40th president of the United States (1981-1989). He was an actor for 30 years before he became involved with politics and starred in more than 50 movies. Reagan was born on February 6, 1911 in Tampico, Illinois. Reagan was raised by his traveling shoe salesman father John Reagan, and his mother Nelle. John was an alcoholic and was saved from the Great Depression by the Works Progress Administration. Reagan was strongly influenced by his mother, who taught him to read at an early age. After High School, Ronald Reagan won a Scholarship to Eureka College in Peoria, Illinois. He was very active at Eureka. He majored in economics, student body president, captain of the swimming team, and was on the football team. He became interested in acting, but after his graduation in 1932 the only job available that was related to show biz was a local radio sportscaster. In 1936 he took the job as a sportscaster for WHO radio station in Des Moines, Iowa. Reagan moved to Hollywood in 1937 and began a 30-year acting career. Some of his noted movies were Knute Rockne-All American, Kings Row, and Bedtime for Bozo. During his acting career, Reagan was elected as the president of the Screen Actors Guild six times. He married Jane Wyman, had two children, but divorced her eight years later. He married Nancy Davis in 1952 and they had two more children. As president of the union, he tried to remove communists from the movie industry. Reagans first national political scene was when he did a speech supporting Republican presidential candidate Senator Barry Goldwater. Even though Goldwater lost the election, he brought in money and praise from fellow Republicans around the country. Reagan decided to run for Governor of California in 1966 and defeated Edmund G. Brown, Sr., by nearly one million votes. His two terms as governor were tough because six of the eight years he served the legislature was controlled by Democrats, him being a Republican. As governor, Reagan became known as a conservative politician who wanted to restrict government involvement in economy and society. Ronald Reagan made a last-minute effort to get the 1968 Republican presidential nomination. He was defeated by Richard Nixon who became president. Reagan also tried to win the presidential nomination again in 1976 but lost to Gerald Ford. Ronald Reagan announced his candidacy in November 1979, after making political friends at party fund-raising dinners around the country. He easily defeated the other nominees for the Republican nomination. He chose Gerald Ford as his vice-president. But when Fords negotiators proposed that the vice-president should share presidential powers, Reagan chose George Bush instead. During the campaign against Democratic candidate Jimmy Carter, the biggest issue was the economy. Reagan blamed Carter for weaknesses in foreign policy and a weak army. During the time of the election Reagan had great public support, which made it easier to push his program through congress. When Reagan became president he started out in a recession. 11 percent of the work force was unemployed in fall, 1982. This recession reduced inflation significantly, but the interest rates remained high. During the next two years the economic recovery began. The unemployment came down, but thousands of factory jobs disappeared. The new jobs, which were mostly in service industries, paid less, leaving inflation low. Reagans economic policy worked on the claim that investment in industry and spending by consumers would eventually increase tax revenues. With this policy, he persuaded Congress to pass the Economic Recovery Tax Act. This enacted tax cuts that benefited upper-income taxpayers and large corporations. He also made cuts in spending for job training, college loans, food and medical programs, payments for those with disabilities, child daycare centers, and centers for the elderly. .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 , .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 .postImageUrl , .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 , .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980:hover , .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980:visited , .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980:active { border:0!important; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980:active , .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980 .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u25f243b2fb1f93579eebcb02b33e5980:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nan nan EssayReagan relaxed environmental and safety standards and helped struggling savings and loan institution. He also believed that labor unions interfered with economic efficiency. When 11,800 members of the Professional Air Traffic Controllers went on strike in August 1981 wanting higher pay and a shorter workweek. Reagan just dismissed all 11,800 strikers. All of Reagans actions fueled a 5-year stock market increase. During his run, he had very high military bills and was forced to borrow money from different countries, especially Japan. The huge deficit kept interest rates very high which made the value of the U.S. dollar soar. But a large devaluation of the dollar in 1986 failed to overcome the huge trade deficit. This caused a panic on Wall St. as the stock market fell as it had in 1929. After this Congress stopped approving increases in the military budget. Reagan had a powerful impact on civil liberties and rights. The Justice Department cut back its efforts in enforcing job discrimination and fair housing laws. After a public alarm about drug use he suggested that all employers test their workers for drug use and they fire them if caught more than once. He also pushed for a law to be passed allowing no discrimination for people with AIDS, but it wasnt passed. Reagan fought communism as a president hard. With Dtente, a peaceful policy for coexistence with the USSR, and called it an evil empire. He launched a crusade against governments and movements under Soviet influence. Another point of Reagans foreign policy was to reverse the momentum of the Marxist revolution in Central America. After a revolution in Nicaragua had disposed of former leader Anatosio Somoza, the U.S. accused the new Sandinista government of aiding rebels in El Salvador with weapons. So the Reagan cut his aid to Nicaragua and started supporting anti-Sandinista guerilla movements known as the contras. Then Nicaragua signed an aid pact with USSR. He then supplied El Salvador with arms. Reagan also sent a huge amount of military equipment to Muslim guerillas fighting the communist government of Afghanistan. In 1982, in an effort to strengthen the Lebanon government, he sent marines to Lebanon. In October 1983, 250 marines were killed when their Beirut headquarters was bombed. Reagan removed his troops. Those remaining were often captured by Muslim radicals. In 1987 Kuwait asked for Soviet and U.S. aid during the Iran-Iraq war in the Persian Gulf. The last two years of Reagans presidency were marred by a political scandal, which badly damaged his reputation as an honest person and committed to principle. The scandal was that the U.S. had secretly sold weapons to Iran and had diverted the profits from the sale to help the contras. Reagan denied the allegations. There was also said to be a law saying that the U.S. couldnt aid the contras. This revealed to be true and Reagan lost his image. In conclusion, Ronald Reagan was definitely one of our nations greatest presidents ever. He helped us in so many ways. I think if the media werent so republican biased then more people would realize how great President Reagan really was. Words/ Pages : 1,142 / 24

Analysis of Girl By Jamaica Kincaid free essay sample

This story seems as if it was in the past. the mother seems to have high expectations for the daughter, but does not feel as if she is getting through to her daughter. the mother in the story, was expected to know everything about domestic survival, she was considered the teacher for the girl in the story. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Girl By: Jamaica Kincaid or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page she was offering advice but at the same time she was scolding the girl for her promiscuity. there is no structure to this prose poem, I think the author did this on purpose to show that the narrator had a lot of information to give her daughter. this story seems as if it was in the past. the mother seems to have high expectations for the daughter, but does not feel as if she is getting through to her daughter. the mother in the story, was expected to know everything about domestic survival, she was considered the teacher for the girl in the story. she was offering advice but at the same time she was scolding the girl for her promiscuity. there is no structure to this prose poem, I think the author did this on purpose to show that the narrator had a lot of information to give her daughter. this story seems as if it was in the past. the mother seems to have high expectations for the daughter, but does not feel as if she is getting through to her daughter. the mother in the story, was expected to know everything about domestic survival, she was considered the teacher for the girl in the story. she was offering advice but at the same time she was scolding the girl for her promiscuity. there is no structure to this prose poem, I think the author did this on purpose to show that the narrator had a lot of information to give her daughter.

Utilitarianism and Abortion

Utilitarianism and Abortion Free Online Research Papers The debate over abortion usually focuses on politics and law and the most frequently asked question tends to be whether or not abortion should be outlawed or continue to be allowed at the discretion of each individual. Behind these debates are the most basic of ethical questions which do not always receive the attention they may deserve. There are many opinions on this topic, however, a good place to start is whether or not law has the authority to rule over morality and whether the laws that we have now bring enough attention to the moral value of abortion. Along with these concepts abortion can also be viewed through the eyes of the utilitarian approach to ethics which focuses on both pleasure and pain and the ability to maximize pleasure over pain. To do so we must first know exactly what abortion is and then must also have a broad definition of what the utilitarian theory encompasses. Abortion by definition is the termination of a pregnancy by the removal or expulsion of a fetus or embryo from the uterus resulting in its death. The utilitarian theory by definition focuses on the rightness or wrongness of the act in question and its effects on a community as a whole (Katz, 2004). Viewing abortion through the utilitarian approach, theorists would want to distinguish between the possibility of pleasure and pain instances of abortion over the amounts of pleasure and pain when abortion is not the option. Most would think that the best place to begin this discussion would be from the prospects of the fetus itself however, that is not always the case. The first thing to consider is that through abortion and the stopping of the fetus’s life the fetus can be said to have any possible pleasure taken away from it. Secondly, no one knows for sure what level of pain is inflicted through the procedure, especially in the later stages of pregnancy. Unfortunately, this focus seems to be unjustified because many say that the abortion could have been done earlier and with less invasive techniques. The problem with both of these possibilities is that who determines the amount of pain inflicted? Usually adults in experimental settings so then the question that follows must be how can adults know how an unborn fetus itself will feel? Another consideration would have to be that the life of the unborn fetus would promote a much greater amount of happiness over pain. Again no one knows exactly what the future may hold, but it is very likely that these individuals, who are essentially put to death against their will, have a very happy life. This, however, cannot happen once an abortion has taken place because any chance for the fetus to experience happiness in any form has been removed. The possibilities of pleasure over pain for an unborn fetus later in life must be thoroughly considered when applying the utilitarian method to the process of abortion. The third group that must be accounted for are the parents and extended family of the unborn child. Those who intend on having a child are doing so under careful consideration and thus happiness should prevail. To the opposite of this are those who are pregnant with an unwanted child that may feel grief and are more than likely to become unhappy and even depressed from the birth of this child. This may result from financial issues or just the general unpreparedness to having a child that is not wanted. The parents and extended family are also a component of abortion that must be considered under the utilitarian method of ethics. Since the utilitarian theory focuses much of its strength on the effects individual’s acts play amongst the community rather than on the individual, much of the issue of abortion lies on its effects on a population. This is important because if a population would have to consist of a â€Å"perfect† size then it is abundantly clear that the possibility of new population (births) will be hindered in an area of consistent population while areas with underdeveloped population will be allowed to reproduce. In this way those overdeveloped areas will require abortion as a way to control the population while the underdeveloped areas will be strictly against abortion so that their population can flourish. To take this method even farther there are two very different rules that are provided by this method those being Rule and Act utilitarian. Rule utilitarian’s are more formula oriented and superficial and focus on behavioral codes or rules that are based on societal practices and institutions (Waller, 2008). This principle can be said to be a test for the morality of a moral rule and does not pertain to the action itself. An example of this is the concept â€Å"stealing is wrong†. This rule will allow for more positive then negativities to come from all of those who follow it. Rule utilitarianism then becomes a method for judging various behaviors. Rule utilitarianism allows abortion to be labeled according to moral rules thus allowing each individual a chance at a more favorable outcome over an unfavorable one. Act utilitarianism, in contrast, maintains that the morality of each action is determined in relation to the favorable and unfavorable consequences that come from the act (Waller, 2008)). This aspect seems the best fit when speaking of abortion as it focuses on the act of abortion and not just the consequences of the act or moral code. The Act portion of utilitarianism is a more moral based utilitarianism as it focuses on the act itself and the consequences that come from doing that specific act. Now that we have a broad prospective on how the utilitarian theory works in accordance to the topic of abortion we must further this discussion and apply the fundamental aspects of a variety of different theorists to the topic of abortion. The first of these coming from Peter Singer (1993) who claims â€Å"there is a clear cut answer to the question of the moral permissibility of abortion and those who think there is not ‘are simply mistaken’ (P. 135). This is an important concept to hold and brings a much heated debate on abortion that will surely require much attention in the future. Singer starts his debate on this issue at the very beginning of the life cycle and never looks back. He says as stated by Crome (2008): â€Å"One of the primary issues is that the development form from the fertilized egg to child is continuous. Consequently, it is difficult for those who want to defend abortion to establish a morally significant dividing line between the earliest stages of life when abortion would be permissible and the point at which that life turns into a properly human life, and when it would not† (pg. 2). Along the way he emphasizes that this process may hit many detours in the determining when a fetus can actually be able to live viably. This is just one of the ways Singer brings mention to the life cycle and its ability to determine when or when not an abortion is a just fact. To the opposite of this there are many instances where Singer seems to be a proponent for abortion, but at the same time shows signs that he is actually against it. He even goes to the extent of giving vivid details in the case of those who may be over the gestational age to have an abortion, but choose to go to another country to have the abortion done illegally. Peter Singer, in my opinion, gives a thorough representation of the utilitarian method of ethics. He denotes the good points and the bad points of this type of ethical judgement while giving examples to prove or disprove his methods. Another utilitarian philosopher by the name of J. S. Mill also gave great contribution to the concept of abortion and the utilitarian way. However, before we talk about how he contributed to abortion, we must get a generalization about the role he played in utilitarian ethics and morality in general by visiting an excerpt from his famous piece Utilitarian in which Mill (1998) states: â€Å"there is, I am aware, a disposition to believe that a person who sees in moral obligation a transdental fact, an objective reality belonging to the province of things in themselves; is likely to be more obedient to it than one who believes it to be entirely subjective, having its seat only in human consciousness† (P. 75). This sentiment goes the distance in explaining the type of utilitarianism Mill promoted. Unlike others he seemed to use a lighter version of utilitarianism allowing for things others would have never dreamed of. Mill went great lengths in trying to determine a more effective way to approach utilitarianism as he felt there were deeper components then just what is left to the consciousness. Mill would approach this issue through a variation of questions ending with the notion of overall pleasure. One of Mill’s (2002) firm beliefs was that â€Å"the only way in which a human being can make some approach to knowing the whole of a subject is by hearing what can be said about it by persons of every variety of opinion† (p. 259). This is intrinsic to the discussion of abortion as there are so many points of view that range from lack of opinion to utter disgust. He does however feel that individuals should be rational enough to realize whether an event will have favorable or unfavorable outcomes (Qizilbash, 2006). This being said, the pleasure or the pain behind the act becomes the justification of the act. For instance, let us consider the case of parents that are faced with having a baby that would become a disadvantage over a period of time. In this case the greater good in Mill’s view would be to abort the baby, thus forgoing the possibilit ies of grief and stress in the future. In the end the event will bring more pain then pleasure and becomes a vehicle to attain a desired pleasure and in that respect is considered a moral act. Interestingly enough Mill encountered the topic of abortion through another careful observation. If carrying and raising a baby may potentially bring pain of any sort (not being able to nurture the child properly) then the baby may be better off being aborted. This can be said because the inability to function as a good parent is a painful thing and thus the abortion becomes the appropriate thing to do. This again under Mills and the utilitarian theory becomes a moral act for those reasons. The one great distinction between Mill and others is the allowance for a calculation of pain and pleasure (Riley, 2009). These calculations were to be done on an individual basis which now allowed for each person to hold some accountability for their own pleasures and pain. Mill held many views on abortion and morality but more importantly he set into motion the fact that pleasure and pain is not necessarily a set factor and can be calculated by each individual. When viewing abortion in accordance of the utilitarian theory it is imperative that the views of Jeremy Bentham be discussed as he gives an interesting stance to the topic of abortion. His focus is on the greatest good for the overall greatest number of people and also includes the Hedonistic Calculus Theory which was extremely helpful in representing his position on abortion. He used the Hedonistic Calculus Theory as a way to determine which pleasures are of the greatest good and should be pursued by others (Nussbaum, 2004). This theory contained several different categories which were used under Bentham as a way to view each situation separately. In this way there were times when abortion would be permitted and other times when abortion would be strictly prohibited. For example, if a woman was raped and subsequently became pregnant then abortion would be justifiable because the baby could possibly bring more pain to the mother, the family, and even the baby itself. T he problem that comes about under this approach is that many times the issues surrounding abortion never really come to a final conclusion, but instead multiple conclusions may be reached depending on the variation of circumstances that arise. Bentham and his utilitarian approach definitely addresses the topic of abortion, however, leaves many opportunities for a final conclusion to never be determined. In conclusion, we have to understand that the application of the utilitarian principle of ethics seeks to set a general rule to apply to all moral decisions. In the case of abortion, the utilitarian states that all unwanted pregnancies that represent a physical, mental, emotional, and financial hardship should be terminated via abortion. Furthermore, the utilitarian does not look at the unborn fetus as in a way which happiness is to be gained or lost, but rather as a piece of society as a whole. This becomes a disadvantage because the fetus is not allowed any rights nor is it granted happiness because at this stage it does not experience a cognitive rational thought process. The limitations that the utilitarian theory adds to the discussions must also be addressed as many times there is not enough information provided to come to a final and ever so important conclusion. The utilitarian method is a straight forward way to determine the best possibilities of pleasure over pa in for all involved. References Crome, K. (2008). Is Peter Singer’s Utilitarian Argument about Abortion Tenable? Richmond Journal of Philosophy. 17, 1-9. Katz, D. (Nov. 8, 2004). Political, Public Health and Morality. New Haven Register. New Haven, Con. Mill, J. S. (2002). On Liberty. Classics of Political and Moral Philosophy. Ed. New York: Oxford. Mill, J. S. (1998). Utilitarianism. Ed. Roger Crisp. New York: Oxford University Press. 75. Nussbaum, M. (2004). Mill between Aristotle and Bentham. Daedalus. 133(2), 60-69. Qizibash, M. (2006). Capability, Happiness, and Adaptation in Sen and J. S. Mill. Utilitas, 18(1), 20-33. Riley, J. (2008). The Interpretation of Maximizing Utilitarianism. Social Philosophy and Policy, 26(1), 286-326. Singer, P. (1993). Taking Life: The Embryo and the Fetus. Practical Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge UP. 135. Waller, B. N. (2008). Consider Ethics: Theory, Readings, and Contemporary Issues. New York: Pearson Custom Publishing. Research Papers on Utilitarianism and AbortionPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyCapital PunishmentMind TravelGenetic EngineeringMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Analysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

Aztec empire art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Aztec empire art - Essay Example Although there is no explicit evidence of bloodletting in the archeological records, there are strong beliefs that they practiced it. This is being proven by numerous ceramic spikes, thorns and artifacts which have been cited as blood letters. In Elmanati site, disarticulated skulls and femurs were found. In addition, the skeletons of newborn children were discovered. This leads to speculations that infant sacrifices were being conducted in these places. Nevertheless, it is yet unknown how these infants met their deaths. Innovation of writing by Olmec played a significant role in art and beliefs of later Mesoamerican cultures. In 2002, there was discovery of bird, speech scrolls and glyphs. These artifacts were crucial in enabling the Mesoamerican to organize their seasonal rituals. In addition, they were able to plan their activities that were significant in improving their religious beliefs. Hieroglyphs such as Epi-Olmec were also crucial in developing the Mesoamerican art. Chichen Itza and Tula have many similarities in art and architectural designs. Both cities had similar temples, an aspect that indicated that there was a close relationship between the two sites. People in these areas have similar religious structures that they used to appease their gods. In addition, the Sacred Cenote, which was a large cylindrical and natural sinkhole, had a religious importance to the local people. Tula copied some of the architectural designs from such structures. This is an indication that Itza was established before Tula. Major beliefs in Tula had some similarities with those of Itza. The artifacts indicate that the carvings and the writings had major similarities. For instance, both cities portrayed a close relationship with Plumed Serpent. The art and architecture includes different depiction of him. In addition, the carvings of big-nosed god had some relationship between

Business Decision Making Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Decision Making - Assignment Example Basically, reduced taxes on organizations are best for fresh firms. Low taxes would mean that new firms battling to the mainstream can retain most of their profits. Likewise, spending by the government assists fresh firms. The government is able to give out revenue by redistributing it to those new organizations through subsidized loan, grants, or other forms of spending which are driven towards new or small firms. The government may as well spend more funds to form a partnership with a fresh company. Such happens within the local and state government level. For instance, a Supermarket research organization may be awarded federal or state loans and grants in order to start up new stories of supermarket (Lewis 56). Normally there are usually disagreements over the monetary and fiscal policy. Some individuals and organizations assert that the government must redistribute funds from income taxes simply because people will gain in the long run from more establishments of supermarket stor es. Some are also arguing that the government ought to redistribute funds from business since these firms are already making lots of profits and it is very essential to have alternative stores departments. From a different perspective, many are not of the idea that the government must be involved. The reasoning is that if establishing a supermarket store is a good business idea, the funds from the government would not be in any need. The sole reason why these funds are required is because the business not efficient enough to maintain itself. So it is like the government is promoting unsuccessful firms while punishing those which have become successful. This is seen as an unsustainable cycle given that the performing organizations struggle as the worst performing ones acquire more funds. Eventually, the best performing firms will die off, only leaving unsustainable firms which would otherwise die off if it were not for this government (Alvarez 39). P2.3: Impact of APPLE company compe tition policy Apple Inc. is a multinational corporation in America. The company has a strong brand name which makes it to be considered as one of the most successful companies in the world that deals with electronics. According to Porter E. Michael, there are 5 main forces of competition in the computer industry. The following are some of the competitive forces for the Apple Company; the bargaining power of the suppliers, the bargaining power of the consumers, the intensity of the existing rivalry among its competing firms, threat of substitutes, and the threat of new competitors. The 2 most important competition forces for Apple Company include; the bargaining power of the suppliers, and the bargaining power of the consumers. The bargaining power of the suppliers is the ability of the Apple firm to negotiate some good terms which is largely influenced by the firms that it relies on. Apple is known to have good bargaining power among its suppliers since they are in a position to out source most of their manufacturing. They are also having the capacity to vertically integrate by producing some supplies on their own. This has allowed them to

Critics of the immigration law Essay Example for Free

Critics of the immigration law Essay The topic I have chosen is â€Å"Illegal Migration on the U. S. Border† since this is currently a significant issue as reflected by the heavy media coverage depicting the allegedly alarming rate by which the number of illegal immigrants has risen in the United States since 2004. The Washington Post, for instance, reports that approximately half a million immigrants have poured in last year, outnumbering the number of legal immigrants. (Cohn A13) The concern over illegal immigration has therefore drawn out varied responses and put immense pressure on the Government, including President Bush who is reported to be proposing granting temporary working visas to foreigners as part of the legal remedies to the situation apart from the proposed wall to be built in the borders between the U. S. and Mexico and heavy personnel enforcement in patrolling the borders. (BBC News) Its nearest neighbor, Mexico is logically the foremost source of both legal and illegal immigrants in the country. I have so far been able to check online sources of information such as the news networks mentioned above. I would like to peruse additional materials such as previous studies on the issue and other materials such as those printed by the advocates and critics of the immigration law in order to gain a deeper understanding of the topic mentioned. From my perspective, there is indeed a clear need to strictly enforce the immigration laws to address concerns on homeland security and other threats posed by illegal immigration, including the syndicate groups that have obviously been taking advantage of both the laxity of the State in patrolling its borders and the desperation of Mexicans and other nationals who are after the supposedly greener pastures offered by the United States. I therefore see no harm in the President’s proposal for the issuance of temporary work visas to immigrants. On the contrary, it would help make the monitoring easier for immigration officers and therefore also help control the influx of illegal immigrants in the country. Works Cited: Cohn, D’Vera. â€Å"Report Details Growth in Illegal Migration. † Washington Post. 28 Sept. 2005:A13 â€Å"Viewpoints: U. S. Illegal Migration. † 23 May 2006. BBC News Online. 1 July 2007. http://news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/world/americas/4989248. stm

The Spanish Armada :: Papers

The Spanish Armada The Spanish Armada was a fleet assembled and dispatched by King Phillip II of Spain in attempt to invade England in 1588. His attempt was unsuccessful. Queen Elizabeth I of England held the defeat of the armada as one of her greatest achievements, assisting the decline of the Spanish Empire. The armada had a mission of both political and religious aims. King Phillip, the leader of the Roman Catholic Spain, was not able to stop a revolt in of his Protestant subjects in the Netherlands, a revolt that began in 1566, aided by Protestant England. By 1586, Phillip had decided that he could not defeat the Dutch until he had defeated England first. Long time religious rivalry between Spain and England was hoped to be resolved by King Phillip in the dethroning of Queen Elizabeth, reconverting England to Catholicism. The plan for conquering had begun. This plan consisted of the coordination of a fleet to sail from Spain and an army from the Netherlands to create a simultaneous invasion of Engl and. His force of 130 ships and more than 30,000 men was to be led by Alonso Perà ©z Guzmà ¡n, duke of Medina- Sidonia. England was aware of the Spanish plans, attacking it at Cà ¡diz, Spain in 1587, succeeding in delaying it for a year. By July of 1588, the armada was spotted off the coast of England on July 29. Lord Charles Howard intercepted it with a larger English fleet near Plymouth, and for the next week made small attacks on the Spanish in battles off of Plymouth, Portland Bill, and the Isle of Wight. Unable to break the Spanish Armada, they waited for their chance at a big blow. The opportunity finally arrived when the armada anchored near Calais, France, hoping to join troops scheduled to sail from the Netherlands. Ingeniously, Howard ordered ships set on fire to be sent against the armada, producing a panic that broke the Spanish formation. In the ensuing battle of Gravelines, on August 8, the Spanish were defeated by England and the armada sailed home with remaining s hips that were heavily damaged to Spain; 67 of the original 130 ships reached Spain, most in poor condition.

The Immune System – Overview

We are surrounded by billions of bacteria and viruses. To many of them, a human being is like a walking smorgasbord, offering nearly limitless resources that they can use for energy and reproduction. Luckily for us, getting into the human body is not an easy task! From the point of view of these tiny organisms, a human is a bit like a fortress. The skin is thick and very hard to penetrate. In addition, the skin also produces a variety of substances that are harmful to invaders. Openings such as the eyes, nose, and mouth are protected by fluids or sticky mucus that capture harmful attackers.The respiratory tract also has mechanical defenses in the form of cilia, tiny hairs that remove particles. Intruders that get as far as the stomach are up against a sea of stomach acid that kills most of them. But in spite of our fantastic defenses, hostile invaders still manage to get through. Some enter along with our food, while others may sneak in via the nose. And, as we all know, many things can break through our skin. In everyday life we often receive cuts or scrapes, and every time this happens we face the risk of a full-scale invasion from bacteria or viruses.What is the magic, then, that keeps us healthy most of the time? When we receive a cut, and when invaders enter the body, cells are destroyed. The dying cells trigger an automatic response called inflammation, which includes dilated blood vessels and increased blood flow. An inflammation is the body's equivalent to a burglar alarm. Once it goes off, it draws defensive cells to the damaged area in great numbers. Increased blood flow helps defensive cells reach the place where they're needed. It also accounts for the redness and swelling that occur.Immune Cells: The Defense The defensive cells are more commonly known as immune cells. They are part of a highly effective defense force called the immune system. The cells of the immune system work together with different proteins to seek out and destroy anything forei gn or dangerous that enters our body. It takes some time for the immune cells to be activated – but once they're operating at full strength, there are very few hostile organisms that stand a chance. Immune cells are white blood cells produced in huge quantities in the bone marrow.There are a wide variety of immune cells, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. Some seek out and devour invading organisms, while others destroy infected or mutated body cells. Yet another type has the ability to release special proteins called antibodies that mark intruders for destruction by other cells. But the really cool thing about the immune system is that it has the ability to â€Å"remember† enemies that it has fought in the past. If the immune system detects a â€Å"registered† invader, it will strike much more quickly and more fiercely against it.As a result, an invader that tries to attack the body a second time will most likely be wiped out before there are any sympt oms of disease. When this happens, we say that the body has become immune. Bacteria and Viruses: Our Main Enemies | A virus needs a host cell to reproduce. | Now that you know a bit about our defenses, let's take a closer look at our primary enemies. Bacteria and viruses are the organisms most often responsible for attacking our bodies. Most bacteria are free living, while others live in or on other organisms, including humans.Unfortunately, many bacteria that have human hosts produce toxins (poisons) that damage the body. Not all bacteria are harmful, though. Some are neutral and many are even desirable as they fulfill important functions in the body. Bacteria are complete organisms that reproduce by cell division. Viruses, on the other hand, cannot reproduce on their own. They need a host cell. They hijack body cells of humans or other species, and trick them into producing new viruses that can then invade other cells. Frequently, the host cell is destroyed during the process. Pat hogens and AntigensIn daily life we might speak of viruses, bacteria, and toxins. However, when reading about the immune system you’ll often come across the words antigen and pathogen. An antigen is a foreign substance that triggers a reaction from the immune system. Antigens are often found on the surfaces of bacteria and viruses. A pathogen is a microscopic organism that causes sickness. Hostile bacteria and viruses are examples of pathogens The Immune System – in More Detail The immune system is one of nature's more fascinating inventions. With ease, it protects us against billions of bacteria, viruses, and other parasites.Most of us never reflect upon the fact that while we hang out with our friends, watch TV, or go to school, inside our bodies, our immune system is constantly on the alert, attacking at the first sign of an invasion by harmful organisms. The immune system is very complex. It's made up of several types of cells and proteins that have different jobs to do in fighting foreign invaders. In this section, we'll take a look at the parts of the immune system in some detail. If you're reading about the immune system for the first time, we recommend that you take a look at the Immune System Overview first (see link below).The Complement System The first part of the immune system that meets invaders such as bacteria is a group of proteins called the complement system. These proteins flow freely in the blood and can quickly reach the site of an invasion where they can react directly with antigens – molecules that the body recognizes as foreign substances. When activated, the complement proteins can | -| | trigger inflammation| | -| | attract eater cells such as macrophages to the area| | -| | coat intruders so that eater cells are more likely to devour them| | -| | kill intruders|Phagocytes This is a group of immune cells specialized in finding and â€Å"eating† bacteria, viruses, and dead or injured body cells. There are t hree main types, the granulocyte, the macrophage, and the dendritic cell. | The granulocytes often take the first stand during an infection. They attack any invaders in large numbers, and â€Å"eat† until they die. The pus in an infected wound consists chiefly of dead granulocytes. A small part of the granulocyte community is specialized in attacking larger parasites such as worms. | The macrophages (â€Å"big eaters†) are slower to respond to invaders than the granulocytes, but they are larger, live longer, and have far greater capacities. Macrophages also play a key part in alerting the rest of the immune system of invaders. Macrophages start out as white blood cells called monocytes. Monocytes that leave the blood stream turn into macrophages. | | The dendritic cells are â€Å"eater† cells and devour intruders, like the granulocytes and the macrophages. And like the macrophages, the dendritic cells help with the activation of the rest of the immune system.The y are also capable of filtering body fluids to clear them of foreign organisms and particles. | Lymphocytes – T cells and B cells | | The lymphatic system| The receptors match only one specific antigen. | White blood cells called lymphocytes originate in the bone marrow but migrate to parts of the lymphatic system such as the lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus. There are two main types of lymphatic cells, T cells and B cells. The lymphatic system also involves a transportation system – lymph vessels – for transportation and storage of lymphocyte cells within the body.The lymphatic system feeds cells into the body and filters out dead cells and invading organisms such as bacteria. On the surface of each lymphatic cell are receptors that enable them to recognize foreign substances. These receptors are very specialized – each can match only one specific antigen. To understand the receptors, think of a hand that can only grab one specific item. Imagine that your hands could only pick up apples. You would be a true apple-picking champion – but you wouldn't be able to pick up anything else. In your body, each single receptor equals a hand in search of its â€Å"apple. The lymphocyte cells travel through your body until they find an antigen of the right size and shape to match their specific receptors. It might seem limiting that the receptors of each lymphocyte cell can only match one specific type of antigen, but the body makes up for this by producing so many different lymphocyte cells that the immune system can recognize nearly all invaders.T cells T cells come in two different types, helper cells and killer cells. They are named T cells after the thymus, an organ situated under the breastbone. T cells are produced in the bone marrow and later move to the thymus where they mature. Helper T cells are the major driving force and the main regulators of the immune defense. Their primary task is to activate B cells and killer T cells. However, the helper T cells themselves must be activated. This happens when a macrophage or dendritic cell, which has eaten an invader, travels to the nearest lymph node to present information about the captured pathogen. The phagocyte displays an antigen fragment from the invader on its own surface, a process called antigen presentation. When the receptor of a helper T cell recognizes the antigen, the T cell is activated.Once activated, helper T cells start to divide and to produce proteins that activate B and T cells as well as other immune cells. | PARTS AND FUNCTIONS White Blood Cells * The smallest parts of the immune system are the myriad types of white blood cells that are responsible for demolishing malicious bacterial, viral and tumor cells. T cells serve as both managers and infection killers. They are responsible for activating and communicating with other types of white blood cells before destroying malignant cells like parasites and tumors. Natural killer cells directly attack virus cells and tumor cells such as lymphoma, melanoma and herpes.They work alone without communicating with other parts of the immune system. B cells work to produce antibodies that attach themselves to foreign cells as a sign to natural killer cells and T cells to attack and destroy. Bone Marrow * An essential aspect of the immune system–and the origin of all types of immune system cells–is red bone marrow. Bone marrow is a specific type of tissue that grows in the empty centers of bones. This tissue uses the process of hematopoiesis to manipulate its own stem cells into B cells and natural killer cells, as well as the foundational pieces of other immune ells like T cells. Once they are created, these cells migrate out of the marrow tissue and circulate through the blood stream to infection sites, other glands or around the body as general patrol entities. Thymus Gland* The foundations of T cells produced in the bone marrow, called thymocytes, leave the tissu e and travel to the thymus gland for completion. The thymus is a small gland located near the lungs in the upper torso. Thymocytes complete their maturation in the thymus through the process of thymic education, where each cell is developed and examined for maximum efficiency.Cells that are not strong enough to provide immune support are destroyed and absorbed by the thymus, while the successfully matured cells are excreted from the gland into the blood stream. Spleen The spleen, which is located on the left side of the abdomen just under the lung, is a blood filter that works to remove malignant cells from the blood stream. To assist in this function, it holds a significant store of B cells, T cells and natural killer cells to help eliminate any contaminants that are caught.The spleen also assists in immune function by holding a store of red blood cells and platelets that can be deployed as support for the immune cells in the event of an infection or wound. Lymph Nodes * Lymph node s, found throughout the body, are also integral parts of the immune system that filter tissue fluid for bacteria cells, tumor cells and viral particles. Like the spleen, lymph nodes are full of the various types of white blood cells that clean the lymph fluid before returning it to various areas of the body.Lymph nodes are located in the head, neck, arms, legs, abdomen and genital area of the human body and are connected through a network of afferent lymphatic vessels. In the event of an infection, white blood cells can use these lymphatic vessels to quickly communicate with other parts of the immune system. SKIN The skin is the largest organ in area. With the Langerhans cells in the lowest epidermal layers, it is equipped with specialized immunologically competent cells. The Langerhans cells play a central role in the skin's immune system and are an integral part of the body's total defence system.The body's own defence against microorganisms begins directly at the skin surface. Sp ecial fatty acids from the sebaceous glands (i) and the secretions of certain bacteria belonging to the physiological skin flora inhibit the growth of fungi and bacteria. Certain enzymes present in sweat (lysozymes) can destroy the cell walls of invading bacteria. If a foreign body passes this first line of defence – for example, due to skin damage – the skin's immune system responds. Many cells help fend off foreign bodies. Among these are cells – like the Langerhans cells – that are specific to the skin's immune system.

A Brief Note On Public Security And Terrorism - 1666 Words

In an instance when one’s life is challenged due to an unfortunate event, survival competence must be considered. In the case that a group of terrorist’s planted a nuclear device in a London apartment building, public security must come up with a plan that resolves the situation without causing a great amount of harm to the city. After monitoring the group of terrorist’s, the police decide to bring one of them in for questioning. They believe that the terrorist knows where and when the bomb will go off but if he refuses to talk or give any information, the terrorist attack will be a success and the bomb will go off. Since there is not enough time to evacuate the city, the police considers using a torturing technique that will force the†¦show more content†¦Not only will family and friends be effected with these unfortunate deaths, but the police as well because they will feel like they have failed to fulfill their roles and responsabilities of protecting the public. In contrast, if police were to torture the suspect for answers, the greatest good becomes extraordinarily unbalanced. With this option, the happiness of the public is being increased, such that the bomb will not go off and the survival rate of the city goes up. This would the leave the public, family and friends happy. Despite the greater good within the city, the happiness of the suspect himself is minimized in this case because of the torture being brought to them by the police. Also, any family or friends that the terrorist has can be effected as well. It is difficult to determine whether or not the overall happiness of the police will be minimized or maximized by this choice. Ironically, the police would be just as bad as the terrorist himself if they were to torture him for answers. Due to the fact that this torturing technique is illegal, the police would be equally unlawful. This idea might impact the police in a negative way, minimizing their happiness for reaso ns surrounding guilt and sensetivity knowing they are physically hurting a person. Unpredictably, the happiness of the police might even increase because they are protecting the public, which is surely part of their professional duties. FromShow MoreRelatedDefense Against Terrorism1661 Words   |  7 PagesIn the years following the September 11th terrorist attacks, homeland security has been at the forefront of American public policy. According to a January 2015 Pew Research poll, seventy-five percent of Americans believe that protecting the Homeland against terrorism should be the number one priority for policy makers (Pew Research Center 2015). These sentiments on homeland security are not novel to Americans. 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